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Radicado: 11001-03-28-000-2019-00090-00 (Acum.) Actor: GONZALO RAMOS ROJAS y otros Lo anterior, resulta relevante porque incluso si se pudiera adecuar la conducta endilgada al demandado, dado su grado de afinidad con el saliente gobernador de Casanare, sería procedente concluir que la hipótesis fijada por la causal de orden legal no permitiría la prosperidad de la tesis formulada en la demanda, pues debe tenerse en consideración que el parentesco por afinidad existente entre el demandado y el exgobernador Josué Alirio Barrera Rodríguez, se configura en el grado segundo de afinidad y la norma legal prevé que la configura hasta el primer grado únicamente. Valga señalar para mayor claridad que el artículo 47 del Código Civil define el concepto de parentesco de afinidad, así: “Afinidad legítima es la que existe entre una persona que está o ha estado casada y los consanguíneos legítimos de su marido o mujer. La línea o grado de afinidad legítima de una persona con un consanguíneo de su marido o mujer, se califica por la línea o grado de consanguinidad legítima de dicho marido o mujer con el dicho consanguíneo. Así un varón está en primer grado de afinidad legítima, en la línea recta, con los hijos habidos por su mujer en anterior matrimonio; en segundo grado de afinidad legítima, en la línea transversal, con los hermanos legítimos de su mujer”. Así las cosas, es claro que el parentesco que alega la parte actora existente entre el demandado y el exgobernador atiende al segundo grado y no al primero, como lo exige el artículo 30.5 de la Ley 617 de 2000, lo que en todo caso demuestra su imposible configuración en los términos solicitados en las demandas acumuladas. Sumado a lo anterior, la Sala encuentra que en la demanda 2019-0085, se indica que la inhabilidad contenida en la Resolución No 024 de 2017 atiende los mismos postulados del artículo 126 de la Constitución Política y evitan que se presenta la figura del nepotismo, la que señala se presente en este asunto. Frente a lo anterior, lo primero que se advierte es que la normativa interna y la constitucional contienen elementos estructuradores absolutamente diferentes, como pasa a demostrarse: Resolución No. 024 de 2017 del Partido Político Centro Democrático artículo 13 “INHABILIDADES PARA OCUPAR CARGOS DE ELECCIÓN POPULAR EN REPRESENTACIÓN DEL PARTIDO. Las inhabilidades para ocupar cargos de elección popular en representación del partido son: 1. Ser cónyuge o compañero permanente, o encontrarse hasta el cuarto (4) grado de consanguinidad, segundo (2) de afinidad o primero civil, al mismo cargo de elección popular Constitución Política Artículo 126 “Los servidores públicos no podrán en ejercicio de sus funciones, nombrar, postular, ni contratar con personas con las cuales tengan parentesco hasta el cuarto grado de consanguinidad, segundo de afinidad, primero civil, o con quien estén ligados por matrimonio o unión permanente. Tampoco podrán nombrar ni postular como servidores públicos, ni celebrar contratos estatales, con quienes hubieren intervenido en Calle 12 No. 7-65 – Tel: (57-1) 350-6700 – Bogotá D.C. – Colombia www.consejodeestado.gov.co 25

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Ramos Rojas v. Sanabria Chacón

Judgment

Question Presented: Whether a political party’s internal rules on candidacy criteria relating to nepotism may nullify an election of one of its registered candidates if he violated the party rules but otherwise met the eligibility criteria set up in the Constitution or statutes.

Alleged Acts: The plaintiff alleges that the defendant violated intra-party laws after marrying the sister of the outgoing governor of the province where he was running for (and eventually elected) governor. The plaintiff also alleges that the defendant’s party, the Democratic Center Political Party, passed Resolution No. 024 of 2017—which contained rules against conflicts of interest—but, upon a request by Gonzalo Ramos Rojas and others to revoke the defendant’s candidacy in line with this resolution, the party improperly passed another resolution denying the request.

Procedural history: The plaintiff requested that the National Electoral Council (CNE) revoke the defendant’s registration, but the CNE denied the request. After the announcement of the election, the plaintiff filed a complaint with the Council of State to cancel the defendant’s election due to his breach of the anti-nepotism laws and the party rules on conflict of interest.

Summary: The defendant, Salomón Andrés Sanabria Chacón, won election as governor of Casanare. At the time, he was married to Cielo Barrera Rodríguez, who is the sister of Josué Alirio Barrera Rodríguez. Barrera Rodríguez was Governor of Casanare during the previous three-year term. Plaintiff argued that Resolution No. 024 of 2017 of the Statutes of the Democratic Center Political Party, to which the defendant belongs, prohibit the participation in the election of individuals who are a spouse or permanent partner or a person up to the “fourth degree of consanguinity, second degree of affinity or first civil” with a person who is occupying the elected office they are seeking. Plaintiff also cited Article 126 of the Constitution, which aims to avoid nepotism and promote equality of candidates in an election (“Los servidores públicos no podrán en ejercicio de sus funciones, nombrar, postular, ni contratar con personas con las cuales tengan parentesco hasta el cuarto grado de consanguinidad, segundo de afinidad, primero civil, o con quien estén ligados por matrimonio o unión permanente.”) (“Public servants may not, in the exercise of their functions, appoint, apply, or contract with persons with whom they are related up to the fourth degree of consanguinity, second degree of affinity, first civil, or with whom they are linked by marriage or permanent union.”) and Article 23 of the American Convention on Human Rights to suggest that the election of the defendant would violate the political rights of citizens to participate in “authentic” elections and freely express the “will of the electors.” Defendant argued that the resolution passed by his party is not valid because it “‘enshrin[es] provisions contrary to the Constitution and the laws of the Republic.’” Defendant added that the resolution cannot be considered by a judge because the resolution “does not have the character of an administrative act.” Therefore, the law that should be used to determine the validity of the defendant’s election is Article 30 of Law 617 of 2000, which prohibits only those candidates who have familial bonds by affinity to the second degree from running for governor. The Ministerio Público also requested that the Council of State deny the plaintiff’s claims, citing the same law as the basis for candidate disqualifications. In addition, it added that Article 29(3) of Law 1475 of 2011 stipulates that “no regime of disabilities and incompatibilities for popularly elected public servants shall be superior to that established for congressmen in the Constitution.” The Council of State found that the defendant did not violate the law, and although the defendant may have contravened the party resolution, the party resolution does not have legal or constitutional force. Therefore, the plaintiff does not have cause to nullify the defendant’s election as Governor of Casanare. While the resolution passed by the defendant’s party prohibits familial bonds by affinity up to the fourth degree, Colombian law only prohibits familial bonds by affinity up to the first degree. Since the defendant Sanabria Chacón was married to the sister of former Governor Josué Alirio Barrera Rodríguez, there was only second degree of affinity between the defendant and the former governor.

Conclusion: The Council of State denied the plaintiff’s claims, and the election of defendant Sanabria Chacón remained intact.

Legal Issue(s)

Candidate Registration

Applicable Law(s): Article 126 of the Constitution; Article 23 of the American Convention on Human Rights; Article 30, Paragraph 5 of Law 617 of 2000; Article 13 of Resolution No. 024 of 2017 of the Democratic Center Political Party; Article 47 of the Civil Code

Region: Americas

Country: Colombia

Language of Decision

Spanish

Court: Constitutional Court

Election Type: General

Date of decision: Dec 3, 2020

Geolocation

Latitude: 4.623650859989211

Longitude: -74.09697385354207

: Geolocation

Primary Documents

Ramos Rojas.pdf
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Ramos Rojas v. Sanabria Chacón

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