Contents
6.7
6.8
6.9
7.
National origin..................................................................................................674
Sexual orientation.............................................................................................675
Minorities...........................................................................................................676
6.9.1 Right to one’s own culture.........................................................................676
6.9.2 Right to reside in an Indian reserve...........................................................677
Concluding Remarks .......................................................................................678
Chapter 14
The Role of the Courts in Protecting Economic,
Social and Cultural Rights ...........................................681
Learning Objectives.................................................................................................681
Questions ..................................................................................................................681
Relevant Legal Instruments....................................................................................682
1.
Introduction......................................................................................................683
2.
History Revisited: Why are there Two International Covenants
on Human Rights? ...........................................................................................683
2.1 A chronological overview ...............................................................................683
2.2. The substance of the debates .........................................................................686
2.2.1 Principal arguments in favour of one covenant ...........................................686
2.2.2 Principal arguments in favour of two covenants..........................................687
2.2.3 Pleadings in favour of a practical solution..................................................689
2.2.4 The question of justiciability .....................................................................690
3.
Interdependence and Indivisibility of Human Rights ................................692
4.
Universal and Regional Treaties for the Protection of Economic,
Social and Cultural Rights: The Rights Guaranteed ...................................696
4.1
4.2
5.
The Legal Obligations of States to Protect Economic, Social
and Cultural Rights ..........................................................................................701
5.1
xxii
The universal level............................................................................................696
4.1.1 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural
Rights, 1966 ...........................................................................................696
The regional level .............................................................................................697
4.2.1 African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, 1981 ...........................697
4.2.2 American Convention on Human Rights, 1969, including the Additional
Protocol in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1988 .............698
4.2.3 European Social Charter, 1961, and European Social Charter
(revised), 1996.........................................................................................699
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural
Rights, 1966.......................................................................................................701
5.1.1 Introductory remarks................................................................................701
5.1.2 The obligation of conduct ..........................................................................702
Human Rights in the Administration of Justice: A Manual on Human Rights for Judges, Prosecutors and Lawyers