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The Court’s finding
107.1
The Court agrees with the African Commission, that the
limitations to the rights and freedoms in the Charter are only those set
out in Article 27(2) of the Charter and that such limitations must take the
form of “law of general application” and these must be proportionate to
the legitimate aim pursued. This is the same approach with the European
Court, which requires a determination of whether a fair balance was
struck between the demands of the general interest of the community
and the requirements of the protection of the individual’s fundamental
rights.
107.2
Article 27(2) of the Charter allows restrictions on the rights and
freedoms of individuals only on the basis of the rights of others, collective
security, morality and common interest. The needs of the people of
Tanzania, to which individual rights are subjected, we believe, must be
in line with and relate to the duties of the individual, as stated in Article
27(2) of the Charter, requiring considerations of security, morality,
common interest and solidarity. There is nothing in the Respondent’s
arguments set out earlier, to show that the restrictions on the exercise of
the right to participate freely in the government of the country by
prohibiting independent candidates falls
within the permissible
restrictions set out in Article 27(2) of the Charter. In any event, the
restriction on the exercise of the right through the prohibition on
independent candidacy is not proportionate to the alleged aim of
fostering national unity and solidarity.