ANATOLIY MARINOV v. BULGARIA JUDGMENT
ensure the effective possibility of such access (see, Stanev, cited above,
§§ 233-248 and § 258). In the present case, the first attempt, by the applicant,
to secure the restoration of his legal capacity took place in 2015 and 2016
(paragraphs 7-9 above), while the legislative amendment allowing for direct
access to a court was enacted after that time (in October 2017, see
paragraph 15 above). It therefore appears that, although the Supreme Court
of Cassation seems to have accepted the applicant’s argument that he had a
right to direct access to court and enjoined the lower courts to continue the
proceedings (paragraph 8 above), the Ruse Regional Court and the Veliko
Tarnovo Court of Appeal nevertheless applied the legislation as it stood prior
to the Stanev judgment (cited above). It follows that, by refusing to accept the
applicant as a claimant in the proceedings for the restoration of his legal
capacity, the domestic courts failed to apply the conclusions of the Stanev
judgment. In other words, given the fact that the applicant attempted to
request the restoration of his legal capacity (even though the applicable
legislation still did not offer him direct access to a court), he gave the
domestic authorities the opportunity to examine on the merits his legal status,
but they refused to do so. Given those circumstances, the Court cannot accept
the Government’s argument that the applicant was not diligent in his use of
the remedy in question.
28. The Court also considers it relevant to observe that the essence of the
applicant’s complaint is not that he was divested of his legal capacity, but that
as a person in such a situation, he was barred from participating in any form
of election in the country. An opportunity to seek the termination of his
guardianship would constitute a solution that would directly address the issue
of the applicant’s disenfranchisement only in the event that all criteria for the
restoration of his legal capacity were present – even if those relevant for the
question of the applicant’s right to vote would appear to have been fulfilled.
That is so because the right to vote in elections is not specifically examined
in proceedings to restore a person’s legal capacity; rather, it is an automatic
consequence of the successful outcome of such proceedings. Accordingly, an
unsuccessful attempt at lifting a person’s guardianship will lead to continued
disenfranchisement, despite the fact that the issue of voting will not even be
addressed by the respective court in such proceedings. The Court notes that
the Government have not submitted examples of domestic case-law
indicating that even where the domestic courts refused to lift a person’s legal
incapacity, they nonetheless discussed separately the question of the right to
vote and made a decision, where appropriate, whether any restrictions on that
person’s right to vote should continue to be imposed. It appears that such a
possibility would in principle be excluded by the courts on the basis of the
relevant constitutional and legal domestic provisions (paragraphs 13-14
above).
29. In view of the foregoing, the Court finds that, in the circumstances of
the present case, the proceedings for the termination of guardianship were not
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