“
I think for persons with disabilities to be able to vote and to be
part of that process really links us to society, and to the broader
citizenry of the country in which we live, so it’s a very serious
issue.
”
Charlotte McClain-Nhlapo
Coordinator for Disability Inclusive Development, USAID
There are also regional standards, such as the Bali Declaration on the Enhancement of the Role and Participation of Persons with Disabilities in the ASEAN Community23 and the Venice Commission’s Revised Interpretative Declaration to the Code of Good Practice in Electoral Matters on the Participation of People
with Disabilities.24
Disability Policies among Development Aid Agencies
Many aid agencies have adopted cross-cutting disability inclusion policies to ensure persons with disabilities are included in and positively impacted by development programs.25 Such policies help prioritize disability inclusion and provide frameworks to guide the actions of development practitioners.
The Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) put forward one of the most comprehensive disability inclusion policies in 2008 titled “Development for All.”26 Written in consultation with
DPOs and responsible government institutions across 20 aid-recipient countries, the strategy’s primary
outcome is to “support people with disability to improve the quality of their lives through better access
to the same opportunities for participation, contribution, decision-making and social and economic wellbeing as others.” As part of this strategy, AusAID also directs resources to reducing preventable impairments with programs focused on areas such as road safety and avoidable blindness. In addition to this
targeted policy, AusAID included “enhancing the lives of persons with disabilities” as one of the 10 overall
development objectives in Australia’s aid policy. An evaluation of the Development for All strategy conducted in 2012 revealed the dedicated funding, explicit guidelines and dedicated staff both in Canberra
and various posts across the globe led to significant improvements in the lives of persons with disabilities
in recipient countries.27
Court of Human Rights. <http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/sites/eng/pages/search.aspx?i=001-98800>.
23 Association of Southeast Asian Nations. “Bali Declaration on the Enhancement of the Role and Participation of
Persons with Disabilities in the ASEAN Community.” <http://www.asean.org/archive/documents/19th summit/
Bali_Declaration_on_Disabled_Person.pdf>.
24 Council of Europe and Venice Commission. “Revised Interpretative Declaration to the Code of Good Practice
in Electoral Matters on the Participation of People with Disabilities in Elections.” <http://www.venice.coe.int/
webforms/documents/CDL-AD(2011)045.aspx>.
25 A compilation of disability inclusion policies put together by Mobility International is available at: http://www.
miusa.org/idd/resources/dispolicies/index_html.
26 Australian Agency for International Development. “Development for All: Towards a disability-inclusive Australian
aid program 2009-2014.” <http://aid.dfat.gov.au/Publications/Pages/8131_1629_9578_8310_297.aspx>.
27 Linda Kelly and Lorraine Wapling. Australia. Australian Agency for International Development. AusAID
Development for All Strategy: Mid-Term Review. 2012. <http://aid.dfat.gov.au/aidissues/did/Documents/dfa-mtr.
pdf>.
32
International Foundation for Electoral Systems and National Democratic Institute