Figure 3.2. First- and last-instance bodies dealing with electoral disputes related to election results First-instance EDR bodies dealing with electoral disputes* Last-instance EDR bodies dealing with electoral disptues (if decision of the first instance EDR body can be appealed) 64 countries In 88 countries, decisions of the first-instance EDR body cannot be appealed. There is only one level of adjudication COURTS OF GENERAL JURISDICTION (INCLUDING SUPREME COURT) 37 EMB (HIGHEST LEVEL) Summary of the lastinstance EDR bodies 48 countries 30 EMB (LOWER LEVEL) SUPREME COURT, HIGH COURT, OR COURT OF APPEALS 31 CONSTITUTIONAL COURT/ COUNCIL 13 ELECTION TRIBUNAL/ COURT 11 ADMINISTRATIVE COURT 6 LEGISLATURE 7 OTHER TYPES OF BODIES 10 10 6 5 3 CONSTITUTIONAL COURT/ COUNCIL EMB (HIGHEST LEVEL) ADMINISTRATIVE COURT EL. TRIBUNAL/ COURT OTHER TYPES OF BODIES * Number of countries having each EDR body in the first instance. Some countries have more than one type of EDR body that processes disputes in the first instance, thus total number of countries in the first instance column is greater than that of the last instance. Notes: Data for 173 countries. Graph represents the data in the EJD as of August 2015. 18