has been held to conform to constitutional standards. See United States v. Knight, 490 F.3d 1268, 1270 (11th Cir. 2007). Violations of Section 611 are misdemeanors, punishable by up to one year of imprisonment. 10. Travel Act: 18 U.S.C. § 1952 The Travel Act, 18 U.S.C. § 1952, prohibits interstate travel, the use of any other facility (such as a telephone or the internet) capable of use interstate, and any use of the mails, to further specified “unlawful activity,” including bribery in violation of state or federal law. Violations are punishable by imprisonment for up to five years. This statute may be useful in election crime matters because it applies to vote-buying offenses that occur in states where vote-buying is a “bribery” offense, regardless of the type of election involved. The predicate bribery under state law need not be common law bribery. The Travel Act applies as long as the conduct is classified as a “bribery” offense under applicable state law. Perrin v. United States, 444 U.S. 37 (1979); United States v. Dansker, 537 F.2d 40, 47 (3d Cir. 1976). In addition, the Travel Act has been held to incorporate state crimes regardless of whether they are classified as felonies or misdemeanors. United States v. Polizzi, 500 F.2d 856, 873 n.17 (9th Cir. 1974); United States v. Karigiannis, 430 F.2d 148, 150 (7th Cir. 1970); Schwartz v. Upper Deck Co., 183 F.R.D. 672, 678 (S.D. Cal. 1999). The first task in determining whether the Travel Act has potential application to a vote-buying scheme, therefore, is to examine the law of the state where the vote-buying occurred to determine if it either: (1) is classified as a bribery offense, or (2) describes the offense of paying voters for voting in a way that requires proof of a quid pro quo, i.e., that a voter be paid in consideration for his or her vote for one or more candidates. If the state offense meets either of these criteria, the Travel Act potentially applies. 64