169 establishment of British modern constitution and with it the English way of life and thought. (Ibid) When Parliament was showing an arbitrary temper comparable with that of the Stuart Monarchy in the Seventeenth Century, Wilkes appealed, and not in vain, to the common law. At the same time, when the English Government was refusing to British American colonies the rights for which Parliament had fought nearly a hundred years before, the Framers of the United States constitution saw so clearly the true place of law in the government of the people that they conferred upon the Supreme Court the power to declare invalid the acts of President or of Congress. This is the lesson for the present age. If the people would live in peace and enjoy their liberties and, because this is a corollary to all liberties, observe their obligations, there must be law, and to declare it, law courts presided over by independent Judges who will “administer justice indifferently to all men”. (Historical Introduction to English Law, Fourth Edition of A.K.R. Kiralfy). With the passage