Index A ad hoc bodies, 60, 86-9, 100-2, 190-2, 195-6 AEDR and, 184, 188-6, 195-6 definition of, 199 EDR and, 16-7, 60, 100-2, 190-2 in Afghanistan, 78, 102, 187 in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 78 in Cambodia, 78 in Kenya, 184, 192 in Nepal, 79 internal, 79-80, 188-9 international, 79-80, 192-4 in Timor Leste, 78 in United States, 191 in Zimbabwe, 184 provisional quality of, 86 administrative challenge, 67, 70, 84, 137-8, 178, 190, 195 ADR. See alternative dispute resolution AEDR. See alternative electoral dispute resolution Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission, 102 Afghanistan, Islamic Republic of ad hoc bodies in, 78, 102, 187 AEDR in, 185, 187-8 Electoral Complaints Commission (ECC), 32-9, 102 Africa, 86, 185 See also names of individual countries African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (1981), 13, 15, 143 African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, 143 African Union, 143, 192 Albania electoral results challenges in, 162 Electoral College (Kolegji Zgjedhor), 75, 99 electoral courts in, 74-5, 99 alternative dispute resolution (ADR), 184, 195 in South Africa, 184 See also alternative electoral dispute resolution (AEDR) alternative electoral dispute resolution (AEDR), 183-93 arbitration, 183-7 (see also main entry) classification of, 184, 195 collaborative law, 195 compared to EDR, 183-6 conciliation, 183, 185-7, 190, 195-7 (see also main entry) definition of, 9-10, 12, 37, 80, 196 mediation, 183-7, 189, 195-6, 204 negotiation, 133, 141, 184-7, 195 in Afghanistan, 185, 187-8 221