International Foundation for Electoral Systems is updated regularly online and can be accessed by those who search for it. In addition to real-time case information, the Tribunal maintains a publicly available statistics page,143 which aggregates and publishes data on hundreds of thousands of cases. Descriptive information about cases is also available, including information on how each judge voted, any dissenting opinions, and the decision itself containing justification for rulings and a summary of arguments and facts. As the Tribunal in Mexico works toward increasing open justice, one barrier that some judges at the Tribunal are working to address is the use of complex legal language in decisions that limits the ability of stakeholders to understand rulings. The effort to use simpler language is one that is, however, highly individualized. Language can be a barrier in some cases involving indigenous peoples, as all internal resolutions are issued in Spanish. Only the final resolution is required to be translated into the indigenous language of the parties to the contest. In Kosovo, a dedicated Case and Appeals Management System (CAMS) was developed in 2015 that facilitates public access to reports. Interlocutors have suggested that awareness around the election dispute resolution process is increasing among external stakeholders, such as political entities, candidates, observers, NGOs and voters. The rules and procedure governing the ECAP are publicly available, and training manuals for political entities on electoral dispute resolution have been translated into English, Albanian and Serbian, and published on the website. A case summary is provided in simple language. However, stakeholders have called for improved analysis of case information.144 In Macedonia, the SEC’s website publishes the complaint, ordinal number of complaint, complainant, suit, location of the violation, meeting minutes of discussions on complaints, and the Administrative Court decision.145 The information is published in Macedonian, in the format of a table. However, the OSCE noted that, during the 2016 early parliamentary elections, the SEC did not publish all decisions and minutes of the sessions on its website. This is contrary to the legal provisions of the Electoral Code and resulted in diminished transparency.146 As touched on earlier, complex or decentralized rules can hinder the fairness of the EDR process (particularly if they are inconsistently applied), but they also present a challenge in terms of transparency. Complex rules can be difficult for non-lawyers to understand and can then result in accessibility issues. It is a fundamental tenet of open justice that information is not just available, but it is accessible and understandable for a broad range of stakeholders, not just legal professionals. In the Philippines, the broad array of bodies and departments responsible for the adjudication of disputes is underpinned by a similarly broad array of rules of procedure specific to each body administering and deciding the dispute. As a result of repeated amendment, rules of procedure can be fragmented and difficult to understand for those outside of COMELEC, though complete and established rules specific to each body do exist. In Tunisia, interlocutors have acknowledged that the change of processes and procedures between the Courts of first instance and the Administrative Tribunal could result in an 143 http://www.trife.gob.mx/turnos-sentencias/estadisticas <Accessed Sept 1 2017> IFES, Training Needs Assessment for Election Complaints and Appeal Panel, June 2016, at 8. 145 Rulebook on the Manner and Procedure for Deciding upon Complaints art. 18 (Maced.). 146 OSCE/ODIHR, Election Observation Mission Final Report, at 7, Feb. 28, 2017. 144 38

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