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Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos; así como 1°, 2°, 8° y 25 de la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos y 2°, 14, 25 y 26 del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos, por lo que se concluye que en el caso, cualquiera de los integrantes de un grupo histórica y estructuralmente discriminado cuenta con interés legítimo para la protección de los derechos en juego. 89 El criterio anterior se encuentra reflejado en las jurisprudencias 7/2013, 4/2012 y 27/2011 de rubros siguientes: “PUEBLOS INDÍGENAS. SE DEBE GARANTIZAR A LOS CIUDADANOS QUE LOS CONFORMAN UN EFECTIVO ACCESO A LA JURISDICCIÓN ELECTORAL”; “COMUNIDADES INDÍGENAS. LA CONCIENCIA DE IDENTIDAD ES SUFICIENTE PARA LEGITIMAR LA PROCEDENCIA DEL JUICIO PARA LA PROTECCIÓN DE LOS DERECHOS POLÍTICO-ELECTORALES DEL CIUDADANO” y “COMUNIDADES INDÍGENAS. EL ANÁLISIS DE LA LEGITIMACIÓN ACTIVA EN EL JUICIO PARA LA PROTECCIÓN DE LOS DERECHOS POLÍTICO-ELECTORALES DEL CIUDADANO, DEBE SER FLEXIBLE.”[14] 90 Por cuanto se refiere al interés jurídico de los actores en los juicios SUP-JDC-371/2018, SUP-JDC-372/2018, SUP-JDC-373/2018, SUP-JDC-374/2018 y SUP-JDC-375/2018 éste se estima también colmado, puesto que se trata de ciudadanos, quienes fueron registrados como candidatos a primer concejal en los Ayuntamientos de Chalcatongo de Hidalgo, Santa María Teopoxco, Cuilapam de Guerrero, San José Chiltepec y San Pedro Ixcatlán, Oaxaca en los que pretenden la subsistencia de éstos. 91 Finalmente, se estima que tanto Nueva Alianza como el Partido del Trabajo y Movimiento Ciudadano también tienen interés jurídico en impugnar la resolución IEEPCO-RCG-04/2018 recaída al expediente CQDPCE/POS/005/2018. 92 Ello, porque en el caso de Nueva Alianza y de Movimiento Ciudadano en la misma se les imponen diversas sanciones y se ordena la cancelación de las candidaturas a concejales en varios ayuntamientos, en los cuales pretendían su postulación a efecto de que participaran en el actual proceso electoral local. 93 En tanto que, en el caso del Partido del Trabajo, ha sido criterio de esta Sala Superior que los partidos políticos pueden deducir acciones en defensa del interés público, denominadas "acciones tuitivas de intereses difusos", para impugnar actos o resoluciones Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD

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Mexico SUP JDC 304 2018

Judgment

Question Presented: The High Chamber of the confirmed the validity of the candidacy of two transgender people (muxes in the state of Oaxaca) to occupy public posts reserved for women and revoked the registration of 15 male candidates.

Alleged Acts: On April, 2018, the Institute for Elections and Citizen Participation of Oaxaca (IEEPCO) approved to register 19 people who were self-identified as muxes or transgender, as female candidates for legislative and municipal offices within the gender quotas for women . However, the muxe community of Oaxaca considered that, out of the 19 candidacies, 17 of them were fraudulent since they were only pretending to be transgender. Based on these arguments, members of the muxe community filed a complaint with IEEPCO, against these 17 candidacies. The IEEPCO analyzed the arguments of the claim and, after obtaining some evidence on the gender identity with which these 17 candidates conducted themselves socially, opted to cancel the registration, considering that there were irregularities and that, in its opinion, they were men who had self-identified as transgender women .

Summary: In the ruling SUP-JDC-304/2018 and accumulated dated June 21, 2018, the High Chamber defined two determinant issues: the requirements that the State can demand to any person in order to: 1) prove their gender identity and 2) to access to gender quotas in electoral matters and the measures that the authorities can (and should) adopt to verify the gender identity of a person in order to avoid the fraudulent use of gender quotas. The High Chamber ruled that it is enough to inform the respective authority the gender self-identification with a manifestation that clearly indicates the intent of the person in question. They reached this conclusion for two reasons: due to the application of the principle of progressiveness and to provide the principle of parity or substantive equality a useful and non-discriminatory effect. First, the High Chamber considered that, in accordance with the provisions of articles 1st; 4th; 35th, section II; and, 41th, fourth paragraph of the Constitution, all authorities in Mexico, within the scope of their authority, have the obligation to protect and guarantee human rights, which include legal gender equality, the right to stand for election, and the prohibition of the discrimination of a person due to their gender.

Conclusion: The Electoral Tribunal realized that, as the muxe community had stated, 15 of those 17 candidates had tried to register first as men, but not getting the registration because the male gender quota was already covered, they decided to self-identify as transgender women. For this reason, the High Chamber considered that these 15 applications were contradictory with the second manifestation of self-identification arising from the request made by the IEEPCO. Therefore, independently of the express manifestation of these 15 people self-identifying to the transsexual gender, the High Chamber ordered the cancellation of the registration of these candidacies and ordered to replace them with 15 women.

Legal Issue(s)

Candidate Registration
Gender
Quotas

Region: Americas

Country: Mexico

Language of Decision

Spanish

Court: Electoral Court

Election Type: General

Date of decision: Jun 21, 2018

Geolocation

Latitude: 19.433186441267804

Longitude: -99.13401777615888

: Geolocation

Primary Documents

Mexico- SUP-JDC-304-2018.pdf
Spanish
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Election Judgments - IFES

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Mexico SUP JDC 304 2018

Primary Documents

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