Case 1:20-cv-03325-AT Document 43 Filed 05/05/20 Page 14 of 30 prohibitory or mandatory injunction is sought here. See Green Party of New York State v. New York State Bd. of Elections, 267 F. Supp. 2d 342, 351 (E.D.N.Y. 2003), modified, No. 02 Civ. 6465, 2003 WL 22170603 (E.D.N.Y. Sept. 18, 2003), and aff’d, 389 F.3d 411 (2d Cir. 2004). B. Analysis 1. Irreparable Harm To establish irreparable harm, Plaintiffs and Plaintiff-Intervenors “must demonstrate that absent a preliminary injunction they will suffer an injury that is neither remote nor speculative, but actual and imminent, and one that cannot be remedied if a court waits until the end of trial to resolve the harm.” Faiveley, 559 F.3d at 118 (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). Plaintiffs and Plaintiff-Intervenors have shown irreparable injury because they face a violation of their constitutional rights. “All election laws necessarily implicate the First and Fourteenth Amendments.” Gonsalves v. New York State Bd. of Elections, 974 F. Supp. 2d 191, 197 (E.D.N.Y. 2013) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). And where a challenged regulation “governs the registration and qualification of voters, the selection and eligibility of candidates, or the voting process itself, [it] inevitably affects—at least to some degree—the individual’s right to vote and his right to associate with others for political ends.” Price v. New York State Bd. of Elections, 540 F.3d 101, 107–08 (2d Cir. 2008) (quoting Anderson v. Celebrezze, 460 U.S. 780, 788 (1983) (internal quotation marks omitted)). In the Second Circuit, it is well-settled that an alleged constitutional violation constitutes irreparable harm. See, e.g., Connecticut Dep’t of Envtl. Prot. v. O.S.H.A., 356 F.3d 226, 231 (2d Cir. 2004) (“[W]e have held that the alleged violation of a constitutional right triggers a finding of irreparable injury.” (internal quotation marks and citations omitted)); Statharos v. New York City Taxi & Limousine Comm’n, 198 F.3d 317, 322 (2d Cir. 1999) (“Because plaintiffs allege 14

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