French CJ Hayne J Crennan J Kiefel J Bell J 3. 6 The Authority is required 16 to publish, on a website maintained by it, disclosures of reportable political donations 17 and electoral expenditure together with any other information it considers relevant. Copies of disclosures are to be maintained for a period of years and are to be available for public inspection 18. 7 The general scheme of Pt 6, clearly enough, is to regulate the making of political donations to parties, candidates, elected members and others in New South Wales by limiting the amount or value of what may be given to them by any one person, organisation or other entity. It does not permit large individual donations. There is an obvious connection between the need to fund advertising and other methods of communication in connection with election campaigns, and political donations. Part 6 therefore also seeks to limit the amount which may be spent on such communication in the period leading up to an election. To offset, to an extent, the limit on funds available to parties and others, Pt 5 provides some public funding for the purposes of election campaigns. Additionally, the EFED Act enables the public as well as the Authority to scrutinise the donations and their sources and the electoral communication expenditure that is made. 8 The general purpose of these provisions is not in dispute. In its defence, the defendant describes that purpose as being to secure and promote the actual and perceived integrity of the Parliament of New South Wales, the government of New South Wales and local government bodies within New South Wales. More specifically, it identifies the potential risk to integrity as arising from the exercise of undue, corrupt or hidden influences over those institutions, their members or their processes. Donations are identified as a method of exercising such influence. The risks to integrity are significantly increased, the defendant further explains, where there is a need to raise large amounts of money in order effectively to compete with rivals in connection with election campaigns. 16 Election Funding, Expenditure and Disclosures Act 1981, s 95(1). 17 Defined as a political donation of $1,000 or more: Election Funding, Expenditure and Disclosures Act 1981, s 86(1). 18 Election Funding, Expenditure and Disclosures Act 1981, s 95(4).

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