Lastly, this electoral justice study also reviewed compliance with the broader context of internationally accepted standards: (1) a right of redress for election complaints and disputes; (2) a clearly defined regimen of election standards and procedures; (3) an impartial and informed arbiter; (4) a system that judicially expedites decisions; (5) established burdens of proof and standards of evidence; (6) availability of meaningful and effective remedies, and (7) effective education of stakeholders.2 Chad Vickery, Guidelines for Understanding, Adjudicating, and Resolving Disputes in Elections – GUARDE (2011), IFES, Arlington. 2 6

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