Election Investigations Guidebook timelines and prompt investigations, 52 Autonomous National Electoral Commission (CENA), 17 Azerbaijan analyzing evidence (Atakishi v. Azerbaijan), 78–79 investigation mandate (Aliyev v. Azerbaijan), 95–96 substantiating evidence (Hajili v. Azerbaijan), 59–60 triage and thorough investigations (Namat Aliyev v. Azerbaijan), 40, 60–61, 92 Baytan v. Commission on Elections, 66–67 Bhutan accurate record-keeping, 83–84 competence of investigative bodies and investigators, 100 complaint dismissal/summary judgment, 35 complaint triage and preliminary assessment, 29 conducting interviews, 70, 75–76 confidentiality of investigations, 129 conflicts of interest, 136, 137 corruption elimination, 141 evidence sources, 64 independent and impartial investigations, 125–126 interview documentation, 72 objectivity of investigators, 132 questioning and taking statements, 71 referral and joint investigation, 97 reporting, referral, and notification, 80–81 transparency of investigations, 130 bias, 18, 19–20 Brazil, formal or full fact-finding or investigation process, 36 burden of proof, 31–32 Canada analyzing evidence and presenting findings, 79 competence of investigative bodies and investigators, 100 146 complaint receipt process, 28 complaint triage and preliminary assessment, 30–31 conducting interviews, 68–69, 74–75 corruption elimination, 141 evidence chain of custody SOPs, 121 evidence sources, 63–64 interview documentation, 73–74 interview preparation, 70–71 investigation planning and prompt investigations, 48–49 non-retaliatory immunity, 144 objectivity of investigators, 132 “official cautions,” 77 preliminary assessment and prompt investigations, 45, 46–47 professionalism of investigative bodies and investigators, 104– 105 recruitment of investigative staff, 101, 138–139 referral and joint investigation, 98 search and seizure procedures, 68 transparency of investigations, 131 chain of custody, 117, 118–122 Chile conflicts of interest, 135–136 evidence sources, 64 civil law versus common law systems, 21 civil versus criminal jurisdictions, 21–22 codes of conduct, 108–109 compensation of investigative staff, 140–141 competence standards for investigative bodies, 99–100 complaints complaint receipt process, 24–28 complaint triage and preliminary assessment, 28–31 dismissal of complaint/summary judgment, 33–35 conflicts of interest independent and impartial investigations, 133–137 perceived structural conflicts of interest, 22 continuity of evidence possession, 119–120