attributed to them, or impersonating voters, or casting ballots in the names of voters who do not vote in federal elections (52 U.S.C. §§ 10307(c), 10307(e), 20511(2)). • Intimidating voters through physical duress in any type of election (18 U.S.C. § 245(b)(1)(A)), or through physical or economic threats in connection with their registering to vote or voting in federal elections (52 U.S.C. § 20511(1)), or their vote for a federal candidate (18 U.S.C. § 594). If the victim is a federal employee, intimidation in connection with any election, federal or non-federal, is prohibited (18 U.S.C. § 610). • Malfeasance by election officials acting “under color of law” by performing such acts as diluting valid ballots with invalid ones (ballot-box stuffing), rendering false tabulations of votes, or preventing valid voter registrations or votes from being given effect in any election, federal or non-federal (18 U.S.C. §§ 241, 242), as well as in elections in which federal candidates are on the ballot (52 U.S.C. §§ 10307(c), 10307(e), 20511(2)). • Submitting fictitious names to election officers for inclusion on voter registration rolls, thereby qualifying the ostensible voters to vote in federal elections (52 U.S.C. §§ 10307(c), 20511(2)). 9 • Knowingly procuring eligibility to vote for federal office by persons who are not entitled to vote under applicable state law, notably persons who have committed serious crimes (approximately 40 states) (52 U.S.C. §§ 10307(c), 9 With respect to fraudulent voter registrations, election registration is “unitary” in all 50 states in the sense that a person registers only once to become eligible to cast ballots for both federal and non-federal candidates. Therefore, false information given to establish eligibility to register to vote is actionable federally regardless of the type of election that motivated the subjects to act. See, e., United States v. Cianciulli, 482 F. Supp. 585, 617 (E.D. Pa. 1979). 24