Cite as: 558 U. S. ____ (2010)
47
Opinion of the Court
ment has a compelling interest in preventing foreign
individuals or associations from influencing our Nation’s
political process. Cf. 2 U. S. C. §441e (contribution and
expenditure ban applied to “foreign national[s]”). Section
441b is not limited to corporations or associations that
were created in foreign countries or funded predominately
by foreign shareholders. Section 441b therefore would be
overbroad even if we assumed, arguendo, that the Gov
ernment has a compelling interest in limiting foreign
influence over our political process. See Broadrick, 413
U. S., at 615.
C
Our precedent is to be respected unless the most con
vincing of reasons demonstrates that adherence to it puts
us on a course that is sure error. “Beyond workability, the
relevant factors in deciding whether to adhere to the
principle of stare decisis include the antiquity of the
precedent, the reliance interests at stake, and of course
whether the decision was well reasoned.” Montejo v.
Louisiana, 556 U. S. ___, ___ (2009) (slip op., at 13) (over
ruling Michigan v. Jackson, 475 U. S. 625 (1986)). We
have also examined whether “experience has pointed up
the precedent’s shortcomings.” Pearson v. Callahan, 555
U. S. ___, ___ (2009) (slip op., at 8) (overruling Saucier v.
Katz, 533 U. S. 194 (2001)).
These considerations counsel in favor of rejecting Aus
tin, which itself contravened this Court’s earlier prece
dents in Buckley and Bellotti. “This Court has not hesi
tated to overrule decisions offensive to the First
Amendment.” WRTL, 551 U. S., at 500 (opinion of SCALIA,
J.). “[S]tare decisis is a principle of policy and not a me
chanical formula of adherence to the latest decision.”
Helvering v. Hallock, 309 U. S. 106, 119 (1940).
For the reasons above, it must be concluded that Austin
was not well reasoned. The Government defends Austin,