22 In 1803, Chief Justice Marshall speaking for the constitution of the United States said, “It is emphatically the province and duty of the Judicial Department to say what the law is. Those who apply the rule to particular cases must, of necessity, expound and interpret that rule. If two laws conflict with each other, the Courts must decide on the operation of each.” After Marbury, the Supreme Court established it as supreme arbiter of the constitution and American laws and the Federal judiciary as the third co-equal branch of the Federal Government alongside the Executive and Legislative branches. Before the independence of India and Pakistan, there were three Round Table Conferences in England for the solution of Indian Independence problem. The conferences were followed by a White Paper which contained the proposals of the British government for an Indian constitution. After these proposals had been considered by a Joint Select Committee, a Bill based on the Joint Committee’s recommendations was introduced in 1934, after and the British prolonged Parliament debate, it in December, became the