J Jamaica EDRS in, 69, 101, 125 Election Petitions Act in, 101, 125 electoral courts in, 69 Japan EDRS in, 70 effect of fees on EDR, 124 electoral results challenges in, 124 electoral courts in, 70 juicio político, 50-1, 111 K Kazakhstan constitutional council (Konstïtwcıq Kengesí) in, 72, 102 Kenya ad hoc bodies in, 79, 192 AEDR in, 184, 188, 192 electoral courts, 70 election violence (2007), 3, 192 Khmer Nation Party (Cambodia), 149 Korea, South, 70 Kyrgyzstan EDRB in, 41, 107, 178 EDRS in, 41, 100, 105 electoral challenges in, 178 electoral courts in, 100, 105 EMB in, 41, 178 L Latin America democratization in, 86 EDRB in, 48 EDRS in, 74-5, 77, 86, 90, 111 electoral courts in, 48, 73-4, 86, 90, 111 electoral tribunals in, 75 EMB in, 77 juicio político (political trial) in, 50-1, 111 See also names of individual countries Latvia administrative courts in, 66 EDRS in, 65-6 prior judicial review in, 65 Lesotho AEDR in, 188-9 electoral challenges in, 70 electoral courts in, 70 EMB in, 189 local electoral bodies in, 188-9 party liaison committees in, 189 Lithuania annulment in, 178 constitutional court (Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucinis Teismas), 66, 101, 104, 107 EDRB in, 104 EDRS in, 65-6, 101 electoral results challenges in, 66, 162, 171-2, 178 Parliament of, 101 prior judicial review in, 65 recounts in, 171-2 M Malawi AEDR in, 185, 188 Mexico AEDR in, 188 annulment in, 178 Centre for Electoral Judicial Training (Centro de Capacitacion Judicial), 114 Code of Ethics in, 31 constitution of, 51 EDRB in, 31, 93, 105, 107-8, 111, 153, 160, 178 EDRS in, 2, 40, 74, 86, 92-4, 100, 111, 126, 146-7, 158 electoral courts in, 2, 74, 92-4, 100, 108, 114, 132 electoral crime, prosecution of, 47, 166 229 Index EDRBs of, 95 Italy civil law tradition in, 58 constitution of, 66 EDRS in, 58, 61, 63, 65-6 electoral results challenges in, 141 prior judicial review in, 141