Case 1:17-cv-02989-AT Document 579 Filed 08/15/19 Page 1 of 153
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF GEORGIA
ATLANTA DIVISION
DONNA CURLING, et al.,
Plaintiffs,
v.
BRAD RAFFENSPERGER, et al.,
Defendants.
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
CIVIL ACTION NO.
1:17-CV-2989-AT
ORDER
I.
Introduction ...............................................................................................
3
II.
Joinder of Municipalities Conducting November 2019 Elections ............ 12
III.
Continuing Vulnerability and Unreliability of Georgia’s GEMS/DRE
System and Voter Registration System and Database .............................. 21
A.
Georgia’s DREs operate on outdated and vulnerable software ...... 21
B.
The DREs work in tandem with the Global Election
Management System (“GEMS”) interface, which poses
additional problems for election integrity and security ................. 25
C.
The DRE/GEMS system is particularly susceptible to
manipulation and malfunction ........................................................ 33
D.
The State’s expert Dr. Shamos essentially agrees that Georgia’s
DRE/GEMS system is not reliably secure ....................................... 42
E.
“What’s Past is Prologue.” ............................................................... 62
F.
The experience of voters in the 2018 election demonstrates
serious problems and failures in the State’s DRE/GEMS and
ExpressPoll systems ......................................................................... 90