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Radicado: 11001-03-28-000-2019-00090-00 (Acum.) Actor: GONZALO RAMOS ROJAS y otros servidores públicos de elección popular será superior al establecido para los congresistas en la Constitución Política, el cual señala, en su artículo 179.6, que “No podrán ser congresistas: Quienes estén vinculados entre sí por matrimonio, o unión permanente, o parentesco dentro del tercer grado de consanguinidad, segundo de afinidad, o primero civil, y se inscriban por el mismo partido, movimiento o grupo para elección de cargos, o de miembros de corporaciones públicas que deban realizarse en la misma fecha”; es decir, que los estatutos del Partido Centro Democrático están en consonancia con la Constitución Política al establecer para sus militantes, candidatos y directivos, la misma inhabilidad, es decir, hasta el segundo grado de afinidad (cuñado). Consideró que el derecho fundamental a ser elegido en cabeza del demandado SALOMÓN SANABRIA CHACÓN en ningún momento se vulneró, pues siempre tuvo la posibilidad de presentarse por el partido Centro Democrático a otro cargo de elección popular diferente a la Gobernación del Casanare, por lo que privilegiar el derecho del candidato desconoce el precedente judicial del Consejo de Estado en el que se ha dado prevalencia al principio pro electoratem. Recalcó que la violación flagrante de los estatutos que la misma colectividad política creó en clave de la autonomía de los partidos y movimiento políticos, transgrede no sólo el principio de legalidad por vía de la intangibilidad del reglamento, toda vez que “[l]a imperatividad de los estatutos es una obligada consecuencia de la libertad de organización que la Constitución reconoce a los partidos y movimientos. Adoptada libremente la norma interna que ha de regirlos, se sigue como consecuencia inexorable la obligatoriedad de sus mandatos”5; sino que, además, vulnera postulados de estirpe constitucional, entre ellos, la seguridad jurídica, la buena fe y en especial, que un cambio súbito en las reglas de juego o en la manera en que se interpretan las normas, resulta contrario a la confianza legítima de sus destinatarios, en este caso el electorado. Con fundamento en lo expuesto, solicitó declarar la nulidad de la elección demandada. 3.2. Del demandante del Rad. No. 11001-03-28-000-2019-00085-00 El doctor Guillermo Francisco Reyes González, mediante escrito radicado el 17 de noviembre de 20206, reiteró los fundamentos de la demanda con respecto a la inhabilidad del demandado. Señaló que el señor SALOMÓN SANABRIA CHACÓN es esposo de Cielo Barrera, hermana del exgobernador Josué Alirio Barrera, y por ende su cuñado, -segundo grado de afinidad-, lo que se encuadra en la prohibición contemplada en el numeral 1º del artículo 13 de la Resolución 024 de 2017. 5 Corte Constitucional. Sentencia C-089/94. M.P.: Eduardo Cifuentes Muñoz. Bogotá D.C.: 03 de marzo de 1994. P. 64. 6 Actuación 71 en el sistema de gestión judicial SAMAI. Calle 12 No. 7-65 – Tel: (57-1) 350-6700 – Bogotá D.C. – Colombia www.consejodeestado.gov.co 10

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Ramos Rojas v. Sanabria Chacón

Judgment

Question Presented: Whether a political party’s internal rules on candidacy criteria relating to nepotism may nullify an election of one of its registered candidates if he violated the party rules but otherwise met the eligibility criteria set up in the Constitution or statutes.

Alleged Acts: The plaintiff alleges that the defendant violated intra-party laws after marrying the sister of the outgoing governor of the province where he was running for (and eventually elected) governor. The plaintiff also alleges that the defendant’s party, the Democratic Center Political Party, passed Resolution No. 024 of 2017—which contained rules against conflicts of interest—but, upon a request by Gonzalo Ramos Rojas and others to revoke the defendant’s candidacy in line with this resolution, the party improperly passed another resolution denying the request.

Procedural history: The plaintiff requested that the National Electoral Council (CNE) revoke the defendant’s registration, but the CNE denied the request. After the announcement of the election, the plaintiff filed a complaint with the Council of State to cancel the defendant’s election due to his breach of the anti-nepotism laws and the party rules on conflict of interest.

Summary: The defendant, Salomón Andrés Sanabria Chacón, won election as governor of Casanare. At the time, he was married to Cielo Barrera Rodríguez, who is the sister of Josué Alirio Barrera Rodríguez. Barrera Rodríguez was Governor of Casanare during the previous three-year term. Plaintiff argued that Resolution No. 024 of 2017 of the Statutes of the Democratic Center Political Party, to which the defendant belongs, prohibit the participation in the election of individuals who are a spouse or permanent partner or a person up to the “fourth degree of consanguinity, second degree of affinity or first civil” with a person who is occupying the elected office they are seeking. Plaintiff also cited Article 126 of the Constitution, which aims to avoid nepotism and promote equality of candidates in an election (“Los servidores públicos no podrán en ejercicio de sus funciones, nombrar, postular, ni contratar con personas con las cuales tengan parentesco hasta el cuarto grado de consanguinidad, segundo de afinidad, primero civil, o con quien estén ligados por matrimonio o unión permanente.”) (“Public servants may not, in the exercise of their functions, appoint, apply, or contract with persons with whom they are related up to the fourth degree of consanguinity, second degree of affinity, first civil, or with whom they are linked by marriage or permanent union.”) and Article 23 of the American Convention on Human Rights to suggest that the election of the defendant would violate the political rights of citizens to participate in “authentic” elections and freely express the “will of the electors.” Defendant argued that the resolution passed by his party is not valid because it “‘enshrin[es] provisions contrary to the Constitution and the laws of the Republic.’” Defendant added that the resolution cannot be considered by a judge because the resolution “does not have the character of an administrative act.” Therefore, the law that should be used to determine the validity of the defendant’s election is Article 30 of Law 617 of 2000, which prohibits only those candidates who have familial bonds by affinity to the second degree from running for governor. The Ministerio Público also requested that the Council of State deny the plaintiff’s claims, citing the same law as the basis for candidate disqualifications. In addition, it added that Article 29(3) of Law 1475 of 2011 stipulates that “no regime of disabilities and incompatibilities for popularly elected public servants shall be superior to that established for congressmen in the Constitution.” The Council of State found that the defendant did not violate the law, and although the defendant may have contravened the party resolution, the party resolution does not have legal or constitutional force. Therefore, the plaintiff does not have cause to nullify the defendant’s election as Governor of Casanare. While the resolution passed by the defendant’s party prohibits familial bonds by affinity up to the fourth degree, Colombian law only prohibits familial bonds by affinity up to the first degree. Since the defendant Sanabria Chacón was married to the sister of former Governor Josué Alirio Barrera Rodríguez, there was only second degree of affinity between the defendant and the former governor.

Conclusion: The Council of State denied the plaintiff’s claims, and the election of defendant Sanabria Chacón remained intact.

Legal Issue(s)

Candidate Registration

Applicable Law(s): Article 126 of the Constitution; Article 23 of the American Convention on Human Rights; Article 30, Paragraph 5 of Law 617 of 2000; Article 13 of Resolution No. 024 of 2017 of the Democratic Center Political Party; Article 47 of the Civil Code

Region: Americas

Country: Colombia

Language of Decision

Spanish

Court: Constitutional Court

Election Type: General

Date of decision: Dec 3, 2020

Geolocation

Latitude: 4.623650859989211

Longitude: -74.09697385354207

: Geolocation

Primary Documents

Ramos Rojas.pdf
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Ramos Rojas v. Sanabria Chacón

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