21 77. The 2nd Applicant prays the following remedies: “(a) That the Court make a finding that the United Republic of Tanzania has violated and continues to violate his rights, (b) That the United Republic of Tanzania ought to provide appropriate compensation to him for the continuous violation of his rights that forced him to endure long and costly judicial proceedings. (c) That he reserves the right to substantiate the legal analysis for claiming compensation and reparations.” Nature of the Applicants’ case 78. The 1st and 2nd Applicants have substantially the same case. They challenge the validity of the amendments, referred to earlier, to the Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania, the effect of which is, briefly stated, to bar independent candidates to stand for the Presidential, Parliamentary and Local Government elections; the amendments require that candidates have to belong to or be sponsored by a registered political party. The Applicants contend that the prohibition of independent candidature violates an aspirant’s rights to participate in public affairs in their country, which rights are protected under various international human rights instruments.