coalitions of political parties, and civic groups. The electoral list of a political party, coalition, or civic group is deemed officially approved once it receives support in the form of signatures from at least 10,000 voters. The REC regulates the format and appearance of the signature form and makes it available to election stakeholders within five days from an election being called. A voter may sign in support of only one electoral list, and each signature must be notarized or certified by a municipal or city administration; in cities and municipalities where no notaries public are appointed, signatures must be certified by the local basic court, court unit, registry office of the basic court, or municipal or city administration. Even though the Law requires that one voter can sign only in support of one list, no sanctions are envisaged for violations of this rule. The LEMP also includes general procedures for presentation of electoral lists in the media, as well as rules for disseminating information about electoral manifestos and activities of electoral lists and candidates. The Law on the Election of the President of the Republic12 provides a special set of rules for presidential elections, whilst also mandating the application, mutatis mutandis, of the LEMP. The same as the LEMP, the Law on the Election of the President of the Republic also includes safeguards designed to protect voters from pressure, being called to account for having voted, and threats to ballot secrecy (Article 3). A candidate for the office of President may be nominated by political parties, coalitions of political parties, and civic groups.13 A candidate may be nominated if he or she receives support in the form of signatures from at least 10,000 voters. Voter signatures are collected on specially designed forms designed to capture the voter’s first and last name and national identification number. A candidate is formally nominated by a person authorized by the relevant civic group, political party, or coalition. Elections in Vojvodina follow rules set out in the Decision on the Election of Members of the Legislature of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina adopted by the Legislature of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina.14 This instrument regulates the election and termination of office of members of the Vojvodina Legislature. Suffrage and the electoral process are regulated nearly identically as in the LEMP, which also applies, mutatis mutandis, to provincial elections. Local elections are essentially governed by the Local Elections Law.15 This piece of legislation sets out rules for election and termination of office of members of local legislatures. The Constitutional guarantee of universal and free active suffrage is included in Article 3 of this law, which additionally contains a special ‘safeguard clause’ which prohibits ‘No one may, on any grounds whatsoever, prevent a person from voting or force them to vote, hold them to account for having voted, or require them to declare who they voted for or why they did not vote.’ Local Elections Law, Article 3 Law on the Election of the President of the Republic, Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia, Nos. 111/2007 and 104/2009 – Other Law. 13 A civic group can be set up by a written agreement of at least ten voters. 14 Legislature of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Decision on the Election of Members of the Legislature of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Official Gazette of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Nos. 23/2014, 12/2020, 14/2020, and 25/2020. 15 Local Elections Law, Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia, Nos. 129/2007, 34/2010, 54/2011, 12/2020, 16/2020 (Authentic Interpretation), and 68/2020. 12 22