10 Official Gazette, Issue 24 App (a) on 14 June 2012 hence the true meaning of Article 3 of the Constitutional Declaration is realized, which does not grant public authority to one class, excluding the other, nor impose the authority of one group over the other. Within this framework lies the value of multipartisanship as a constitutional purpose towards deepening the concept of democracy that offers political parties a role in national action that exceeds the margin of confidence granted by the voters to their candidates who compete with others according to subjective rules unlimited by a creed of any sort, and unrestricted by any form of affiliation, whether political or apolitical, and so that all citizens who fulfill the conditions set for this, would have the same chance – through which they influence, equally between themselves – the shaping of national policy and the determination of its final features. This is confirmed by the fact that Constitutional Declaration does not include a provision compelling citizens to join political parties, or any coupling of the exercising of political rights related to the right of candidacy and suffrage, to a party affiliation, which indicates the necessarily to establish the freedom of a citizen to join or not a political party, and to exercise their indicated political rights through political parties or away from them. Undoubtedly, the principles of equality and equal chances, which are the primary fundamentals and principles concerned in the matter, necessitate one legal treatment for all candidates, on the basis of equal opportunities for all, with no discriminating based on party affiliation. Discrimination in that case shall be based on the difference in political opinions, which is a matter prohibited constitutionally. The partisan system should not become a burden on freedoms and public rights originating from it, one of which is the right to candidacy, which is one of the public rights stipulated by the nature of parliamentary democratic systems, and imposed by its main cornerstone which is based on submitting to the authority of the people, in accordance with the provision of Article 3 of the Constitutional Declaration. Whereas it is established that the interpretation of the Constitutional Declaration articles shall be by considering them a unit, each complementing the other, and that the meanings evolving from them should be interrelated with each other in a way that wards off any discordance, with no provision interpreted separately from the other provisions, but should be interpreted in cohesion with them and understood in a way that would bring harmony between them and distance them from any contradiction. Whereas Article 38 of the Constitutional Declaration issued on 30 March, 2011, amended by the Constitutional Declaration issued on 25 September, 2011, provides that: “The law shall regulate the right to candidacy for the People's Assembly and the Shura Council according to an election system that includes the closed party list system, and individual seats voting system, at the ratio of two thirds for the former, and one third for the latter.” The significance of the wording of that provision, in light of the principles of equality and equal opportunity and the rules of justice, was that limiting candidacy for the membership of the People's Assembly within the two thirds allocated for closed party lists voting system to members of political parties was set against limiting the right to candidacy for the remaining one third allocated for individual voting system to independents who were not affiliated with political parties. This is because the constitutional legislature adopted this division, aiming to establish intellectual and political diversity within the People’s Assembly, so that the Assembly, in its final formation shall represent society’s visions, all its varied spectra,

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