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Radicado: 11001-03-28-000-2019-00090-00 (Acum.) Actor: GONZALO RAMOS ROJAS y otros vulneradas, con los mandatos constitucionales, jurisprudenciales y legales que señalan la taxatividad de las causales de inhabilidad, en el caso concreto, siendo aplicable únicamente el numeral 5º del artículo 30 de la Ley 617 de 2000. 3.6. Concepto del Ministerio Público Solicitó negar las pretensiones de la demanda, para lo cual comenzó su exposición aludiendo a los antecedentes y cargos de las demandas acumuladas y a la fijación del litigio establecida en la audiencia inicial. Se refirió al aval como requisito para la inscripción de candidatos, para lo cual aludió a lo expuesto en el concepto que rindió para pronunciarse respecto de la cautelar deprecada por la parte actora, para concluir que este requisito -el aval-, según lo determinado por esta Sala Electoral, tiene tres finalidades, a saber, es: “i) mecanismo de inscripción de candidatos por parte de los partidos y movimientos políticos; ii) garantía para esos partidos y movimientos políticos en el sentido de que las personas que se inscriben a nombre de uno de ellos en realidad hacen parte de su organización; y, iii) asegurar que la persona que se inscribe a nombre de un partido o movimiento político reúne las condiciones éticas para desempeñarse con pulcritud y responsabilidad”. A lo cual agregó, que incluso ya “…se admitió que las irregularidades en el otorgamiento del aval pueden ser aducidas como causales de nulidad del acto electoral, bajo la causal de no cumplir los requisitos constitucionales o legales de elegibilidad, siempre y cuando ellas incidan en la validez del acto electoral”. Luego, señaló que la Ley 617 de 2000, estableció un régimen de inhabilidades para los candidatos que se quieran inscribirse para ejercer el cargo de gobernador y destacando la causal contenida en el artículo 30 numeral 5º11. Expuso que, si bien la Ley 1475 de 2011 no cambió la normativa relacionada con las inhabilidades y las incompatibilidades, sí dispone, en el parágrafo 3º del artículo 2912, que “…ningún régimen de inhabilidades e incompatibilidades para los servidores públicos de elección popular será superior al establecido para los congresistas en la Constitución Política”. 11 Artículo 30. DE LAS INHABILIDADES DE LOS GOBERNADORES. No podrá ser inscrito como candidato, elegido o designado como Gobernador: (…) 5. Quien tenga vínculo por matrimonio, o unión permanente, o de parentesco en segundo grado de consanguinidad, primero de afinidad o único civil, con funcionarios que dentro de los doce (12) meses anteriores a la elección hayan ejercido autoridad civil, política, administrativa o militar en el respectivo departamento; o con quienes dentro del mismo lapso hayan sido representantes legales de entidades que administren tributos, tasas o contribuciones, o de las entidades que presten servicios públicos domiciliarios o de seguridad social de salud en el régimen subsidiado en el respectivo departamento. 12 La Corte Constitucional mediante sentencia C-490 de 2011, condicionó la constitucionalidad de este parágrafo. Calle 12 No. 7-65 – Tel: (57-1) 350-6700 – Bogotá D.C. – Colombia www.consejodeestado.gov.co 14

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Ramos Rojas v. Sanabria Chacón

Judgment

Question Presented: Whether a political party’s internal rules on candidacy criteria relating to nepotism may nullify an election of one of its registered candidates if he violated the party rules but otherwise met the eligibility criteria set up in the Constitution or statutes.

Alleged Acts: The plaintiff alleges that the defendant violated intra-party laws after marrying the sister of the outgoing governor of the province where he was running for (and eventually elected) governor. The plaintiff also alleges that the defendant’s party, the Democratic Center Political Party, passed Resolution No. 024 of 2017—which contained rules against conflicts of interest—but, upon a request by Gonzalo Ramos Rojas and others to revoke the defendant’s candidacy in line with this resolution, the party improperly passed another resolution denying the request.

Procedural history: The plaintiff requested that the National Electoral Council (CNE) revoke the defendant’s registration, but the CNE denied the request. After the announcement of the election, the plaintiff filed a complaint with the Council of State to cancel the defendant’s election due to his breach of the anti-nepotism laws and the party rules on conflict of interest.

Summary: The defendant, Salomón Andrés Sanabria Chacón, won election as governor of Casanare. At the time, he was married to Cielo Barrera Rodríguez, who is the sister of Josué Alirio Barrera Rodríguez. Barrera Rodríguez was Governor of Casanare during the previous three-year term. Plaintiff argued that Resolution No. 024 of 2017 of the Statutes of the Democratic Center Political Party, to which the defendant belongs, prohibit the participation in the election of individuals who are a spouse or permanent partner or a person up to the “fourth degree of consanguinity, second degree of affinity or first civil” with a person who is occupying the elected office they are seeking. Plaintiff also cited Article 126 of the Constitution, which aims to avoid nepotism and promote equality of candidates in an election (“Los servidores públicos no podrán en ejercicio de sus funciones, nombrar, postular, ni contratar con personas con las cuales tengan parentesco hasta el cuarto grado de consanguinidad, segundo de afinidad, primero civil, o con quien estén ligados por matrimonio o unión permanente.”) (“Public servants may not, in the exercise of their functions, appoint, apply, or contract with persons with whom they are related up to the fourth degree of consanguinity, second degree of affinity, first civil, or with whom they are linked by marriage or permanent union.”) and Article 23 of the American Convention on Human Rights to suggest that the election of the defendant would violate the political rights of citizens to participate in “authentic” elections and freely express the “will of the electors.” Defendant argued that the resolution passed by his party is not valid because it “‘enshrin[es] provisions contrary to the Constitution and the laws of the Republic.’” Defendant added that the resolution cannot be considered by a judge because the resolution “does not have the character of an administrative act.” Therefore, the law that should be used to determine the validity of the defendant’s election is Article 30 of Law 617 of 2000, which prohibits only those candidates who have familial bonds by affinity to the second degree from running for governor. The Ministerio Público also requested that the Council of State deny the plaintiff’s claims, citing the same law as the basis for candidate disqualifications. In addition, it added that Article 29(3) of Law 1475 of 2011 stipulates that “no regime of disabilities and incompatibilities for popularly elected public servants shall be superior to that established for congressmen in the Constitution.” The Council of State found that the defendant did not violate the law, and although the defendant may have contravened the party resolution, the party resolution does not have legal or constitutional force. Therefore, the plaintiff does not have cause to nullify the defendant’s election as Governor of Casanare. While the resolution passed by the defendant’s party prohibits familial bonds by affinity up to the fourth degree, Colombian law only prohibits familial bonds by affinity up to the first degree. Since the defendant Sanabria Chacón was married to the sister of former Governor Josué Alirio Barrera Rodríguez, there was only second degree of affinity between the defendant and the former governor.

Conclusion: The Council of State denied the plaintiff’s claims, and the election of defendant Sanabria Chacón remained intact.

Legal Issue(s)

Candidate Registration

Applicable Law(s): Article 126 of the Constitution; Article 23 of the American Convention on Human Rights; Article 30, Paragraph 5 of Law 617 of 2000; Article 13 of Resolution No. 024 of 2017 of the Democratic Center Political Party; Article 47 of the Civil Code

Region: Americas

Country: Colombia

Language of Decision

Spanish

Court: Constitutional Court

Election Type: General

Date of decision: Dec 3, 2020

Geolocation

Latitude: 4.623650859989211

Longitude: -74.09697385354207

: Geolocation

Primary Documents

Ramos Rojas.pdf
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Ramos Rojas v. Sanabria Chacón

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